What is the difference between Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning?

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DL is a subset of ML, which is the subset of AI. Hence, AI is the all-encompassing concept that initially erupted in computer science. It was then followed by ML that thrived later, and lastly DL, that is now promising to escalate the advances of AI to another level.

To effectively answer this question in an interview, it’s important to understand the distinctions between these terms:

  1. Artificial Intelligence (AI):
    • AI refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems.
    • It involves the creation of intelligent systems that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, learning from experience, and making decisions.
    • AI can be achieved through various techniques, including rule-based systems, expert systems, machine learning, and deep learning.
  2. Machine Learning (ML):
    • Machine learning is a subset of AI that focuses on the development of algorithms and statistical models that enable computers to perform tasks without being explicitly programmed.
    • ML algorithms learn from and make predictions or decisions based on data. They improve their performance over time as they are exposed to more data.
    • ML can be categorized into three main types: supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.
  3. Deep Learning (DL):
    • Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that deals with algorithms inspired by the structure and function of the human brain, called artificial neural networks.
    • DL algorithms attempt to model high-level abstractions in data by using multiple processing layers composed of complex structures of nodes.
    • Deep learning has been particularly successful in areas such as image and speech recognition, natural language processing, and autonomous vehicles.

In summary, while AI is the broader concept of simulating human intelligence in machines, machine learning is a subset of AI that focuses on algorithms and statistical models, and deep learning is a subset of machine learning that deals with artificial neural networks and hierarchical learning representations. Each of these fields contributes to the advancement and implementation of intelligent systems in various domains.